我们使用rviz进行了TurtleBot的仿真,而且使用urdf文件建立了自己的机器人smartcar,本篇博客是将两者进行结合,使用smartcar机器人在rviz中进行仿真。一、模型完善 之前我们使用的都是urdf文件格式的模型,在很多情况下,ROS对urdf文件的支持并不是很好,使用宏定义的.xacro文件兼容性更好,扩展性也更好。所以我们把之前的urdf文件重新整理编写成.xacro文件。 xacro文件主要分为三部分: 1、机器人主体
2、gazebo属性部分- [plain] view plaincopy
- <?xml version="1.0"?>
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- <robot xmlns:controller="http://playerstage.sourceforge.net/gazebo/xmlschema/#controller"
- xmlns:interface="http://playerstage.sourceforge.net/gazebo/xmlschema/#interface"
- xmlns:sensor="http://playerstage.sourceforge.net/gazebo/xmlschema/#sensor"
- xmlns:xacro="http://ros.org/wiki/xacro"
- name="smartcar_gazebo">
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- <!-- ASUS Xtion PRO camera for simulation -->
- <!-- gazebo_ros_wge100 plugin is in kt2_gazebo_plugins package -->
- <xacro:macro name="smartcar_sim">
- <gazebo reference="base_link">
- <material>Gazebo/Blue</material>
- </gazebo>
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- <gazebo reference="right_front_wheel">
- <material>Gazebo/FlatBlack</material>
- </gazebo>
-
- <gazebo reference="right_back_wheel">
- <material>Gazebo/FlatBlack</material>
- </gazebo>
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- <gazebo reference="left_front_wheel">
- <material>Gazebo/FlatBlack</material>
- </gazebo>
-
- <gazebo reference="left_back_wheel">
- <material>Gazebo/FlatBlack</material>
- </gazebo>
-
- <gazebo reference="head">
- <material>Gazebo/White</material>
- </gazebo>
-
- </xacro:macro>
-
- </robot>
复制代码 3、主文件- [cpp] view plaincopy
- <span style="font-size:14px;"><?xml version="1.0"?>
-
- <robot name="smartcar"
- xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
- xmlns:gazebo="http://playerstage.sourceforge.net/gazebo/xmlschema/#gz"
- xmlns:model="http://playerstage.sourceforge.net/gazebo/xmlschema/#model"
- xmlns:sensor="http://playerstage.sourceforge.net/gazebo/xmlschema/#sensor"
- xmlns:body="http://playerstage.sourceforge.net/gazebo/xmlschema/#body"
- xmlns:geom="http://playerstage.sourceforge.net/gazebo/xmlschema/#geom"
- xmlns:joint="http://playerstage.sourceforge.net/gazebo/xmlschema/#joint"
- xmlns:controller="http://playerstage.sourceforge.net/gazebo/xmlschema/#controller"
- xmlns:interface="http://playerstage.sourceforge.net/gazebo/xmlschema/#interface"
- xmlns:rendering="http://playerstage.sourceforge.net/gazebo/xmlschema/#rendering"
- xmlns:renderable="http://playerstage.sourceforge.net/gazebo/xmlschema/#renderable"
- xmlns:physics="http://playerstage.sourceforge.net/gazebo/xmlschema/#physics"
- xmlns:xacro="http://ros.org/wiki/xacro">
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- <include filename="$(find smartcar_description)/urdf/smartcar_body.urdf.xacro" />
-
- <!-- Body of SmartCar, with plates, standoffs and Create (including sim sensors) -->
- <smartcar_body/>
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- <smartcar_sim/>
-
- </robot></span>
复制代码 二、lanuch文件 在launch文件中要启动节点和模拟器。- [plain] view plaincopy
- <launch>
- <param name="/use_sim_time" value="false" />
-
- <!-- Load the URDF/Xacro model of our robot -->
- <arg name="urdf_file" default="$(find xacro)/xacro.py '$(find smartcar_description)/urdf/smartcar.urdf.xacro'" />
- <arg name="gui" default="false" />
-
- <param name="robot_description" command="$(arg urdf_file)" />
- <param name="use_gui" value="$(arg gui)"/>
-
- <node name="arbotix" pkg="arbotix_python" type="driver.py" output="screen">
- <rosparam file="$(find smartcar_description)/config/smartcar_arbotix.yaml" command="load" />
- <param name="sim" value="true"/>
- </node>
-
- <node name="joint_state_publisher" pkg="joint_state_publisher" type="joint_state_publisher" >
- </node>
-
- <node name="robot_state_publisher" pkg="robot_state_publisher" type="state_publisher">
- <param name="publish_frequency" type="double" value="20.0" />
- </node>
-
- <!-- We need a static transforms for the wheels -->
- <node pkg="tf" type="static_transform_publisher" name="odom_left_wheel_broadcaster" args="0 0 0 0 0 0 /base_link /left_front_link 100" />
- <node pkg="tf" type="static_transform_publisher" name="odom_right_wheel_broadcaster" args="0 0 0 0 0 0 /base_link /right_front_link 100" />
-
- <node name="rviz" pkg="rviz" type="rviz" args="-d $(find smartcar_description)/urdf.vcg" />
- </launch>
复制代码 三、仿真测试 首先运行lanuch,既可以看到rviz中的机器人: - [plain] view plaincopy
- roslaunch smartcar_description smartcar_display.rviz.launch
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发布一条动作的消息。- [plain] view plaincopy
- rostopic pub -r 10 /cmd_vel geometry_msgs/Twist '{linear: {x: 0.5, y: 0, z: 0}, angular: {x: 0, y: 0, z: 0.5}}'
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四、节点关系
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